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磁場熱處理對固態(tài)相變的影響(二)
發(fā)布者:yflwzj  發(fā)布時間:2014-01-17 08:12:49
4.磁場熱處理對材料性能的影響
     在熱處理過程中,施加磁場能改變材料的微觀組織結構因而能有效的改善材料的性能,磁場熱處理能加速相變過程,在實際生產(chǎn)中,具有降低生產(chǎn)成本和縮短生產(chǎn)周期,提高生產(chǎn)效率等優(yōu)點。
      含碳量0.01的碳鋼由奧氏體向珠光體轉變過程中施加梯度磁場,轉變溫度為560℃時,含Mn或Cr原子的碳鋼硬度與磁場梯度成正比。當磁場梯度為50T/m時,硬度提高了8%,硬度提高的主要原因不是磁力的作用而與鋼的成分有關。在梯度磁場中退火溫度為150℃~200℃時,硬度達到峰值。通過透射電鏡的觀察和內(nèi)耗的測量得出在梯度磁場下,過飽和碳原子進入珠光體相的鐵素體層。因此,通過淬火使多余的碳原子與Mn或Cr原子結合而達到固溶強化和時效強化的目的[53]。
      Fe-xC-1.5%Mn合金(x=0.1,0.2,0.3)在強磁場作用下,采用熱膨脹法測量連續(xù)冷卻過程中磁場對鐵素體/奧氏體+珠光體相變溫度的影響,隨著鋼中碳含量的增加,即x=0.1,0.2,0.3,Ar3的溫度成線性增大了2.2,2.4和2.7K/T。Ar1溫度提高了2.5K/T[26]。通過微觀組織分析得到隨著磁場強度的提高鐵素體的面積分數(shù)隨之增大,如圖7(a)所示;而韋氏硬度值則成比例減小,含碳量越高,減小的程度越大,如圖7(b)所示。
5. 結論
      近年來固態(tài)相變的報道很多,但大部分都是關于鐵基合金的固態(tài)相變,而關于磁場對鎳基高溫合金固態(tài)相變影響的報道很少,可以從幾個方面進行研究:
(Ⅰ)磁場熱處理對鎳基高溫合金組織的影響,其中包括對強化相γ¢、共晶組織γ+γ¢以及碳化物的形貌和含量的影響。
(Ⅱ)磁場熱處理對鎳基高溫合金性能的影響,可以通過硬度測試和力學測試進行分析。
 
 
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